PRELIMINARY STUDY ON CO-LIQUEFACTION AND SYNERGISTIC EFFECTS OF MUKAH BALINGIAN SUB-BITUMINOUS MALAYSIAN COAL AND JATROPHA CURCAS SEEDS

Abstract

Co-liquefaction of Mukah Balingian (MB) Malaysian sub-bituminous coal and Jatropha curcas (JC) seeds and individual liquefaction were carried out in a 20 mL tubing reactor. The effects of temperature, reaction time and mass blending ratio of coal and biomass were investigated towards conversion and oil yield. It was found that, JC seeds have higher liquefaction activity compared to MB coal. Under the same liquefaction conditions, JC seeds give much higher conversion and oil yield compared with MB coal. The existence of synergistic effects during co- liquefaction of MB coal and JC seeds is depending on the liquefaction conditions. The largest synergistic effects were observed at 420 °C, 30 min reaction time with mass blending ratio of MB coal/JC seeds at 20/80, in which the Experimental values of conversion and oil yield were higher than the Calculated values.